Cement, Energy and Environment

Tapping this reserve would be a qua ntum leap to provide energy for the future. Although some new government programs are exploring recoverymethods and associa ted ramifications, however, there haven't been any commercial attempts to retrieve this vas t reserve. It is expected that this energy source will emerge PROCESS AND OPERATION BLENDING TACTICS Dr. Michael Clark Questions to the Technical Forum this month have prompted thoughts on the tactics used ,in operating a reclaimer on a blending bed. Cement companies ins tall blending beds with stackers and reclaimers with the aim of reducing the variability of their kiln feed raw mix, and in general these blending beds do a good job. However, they do suffer problems of segregation of the material and this manifests itself in two ways. Courtesy: International Cement Review, Mar. 2002, P -74. Email: info@CemNet. co. uk Web: www.CemNet.com TERMINAL TECHNOLOGY Mario Rammele, IBAU HAMBURG, Germany Toda y's high efficiency cement distribution terminals require advanced technology. High efficiency terminals are fully automated and need no cement reclaiming by front-end loaders or other non-advanced systems. The terminal type can be either a concrete silo, dome storage system or other non-advanced system or flat in the next decade to add to natural gas prod uction. Courtesy: WISTA INNOVATION, May 2002, P 18 Fax: 91-11-4619083, Email: witt@nde. vsnl.net . in· Web: www. wits. org s torage installation. With fluidslide systems the cement can be completely discharged from the storage facility. Depending on its purpose the storage facility is combined with ship loading/ unloading systems and truck / railcar loading/ unl·oading systems. Mechanical mixers are also integrated to prod uce different types of cement from the cement raw ma terials. The majority of the world's cement market is dominated by bags, packers, and pa lletisers, therefore these requiremen t are also integrated in to the termina l. IBAU HAMBURG combines mechanical and pneumatic designs that best fit the specific project requirements. Dome silos have become popular for storing a single type of cement. The ground area, and also the requisite construction time, lie between those for cone silos and fl at s torage systems. Separate buildings are required both for cement loading and for packing. At some sites converted oil tanks have also proved successful for cement s torage. Nowadays ins tead o f mechanical systems, fluidslide systems are used for cement discharge. IBAU HAMBURG has equipped a dome silo for Glenn Falls, Lehigh Cement in Aqentown, US. The 42 m dia silo has a capacity of 44 000 t. The silo bottom consists of three aeration levels with different sectoiiS to allow a discharge of 400 tph and an emptying degree above 97%. Only 0.16 kWh/ tare required for